By 2030, the United Nations (UN) goal is for all Indigenous peoples to have quality education including tertiary education. Enduring inequalities in participation and international educational attainment exist, internationally, for Indigenous peoples in higher education (e.g., Australia, Canada, USA, and New Zealand). Hence, identifying factors associated with success at university among Indigenous people internationally is of critical significance to the wellbeing of future Indigenous university students. We conducted a systematic review of international research to synthesise extant research and identify research-derived drivers and barriers to Indigenous students’ university success. Key drivers and barriers were based on cultural, social, academic, psychological, and environmental factors. Findings of the synthesis highlight the importance of Indigenous students receiving academic, financial, psychological, and social support from higher education staff, peers, family, and community. Creating a sense of cultural belonging and cultural safety for Indigenous students was central to their university success and overall wellbeing. These findings have important implications for future educational wellbeing policy and practice.